Boston spotted Anaheim a two-goal lead before storming back for a 4-2 win at Honda Center on Friday, pushing the Bruins' winning streak to four games.
David Pastrnak and Elias Lindholm each finished with a goal and an assist, and Boston converted three power plays to complete the comeback.
Frederic Brunet netted his first NHL goal, while Michael DiPietro made 25 saves to claim his first career NHL victory.
Pavel Zacha and James Hagens added two assists apiece as Boston moved to 6-2-0.
Anaheim dropped to 4-3-0 despite goals from Tim Washe and Beckett Sennecke, with Lukas Dostal stopping 18 shots.
It marked another squandered lead for the Ducks, who also lost 4-2 to the Calgary Flames on Tuesday.
Special Teams Decide the Night
Boston entered the game with three power-play goals in 18 opportunities but went 3-for-4 with the man advantage against Anaheim.
The Ducks, by contrast, went 0-for-5 on their power plays, a gap that proved decisive.
Brunet cut the deficit to 2-1 at 3:15 of the second period, firing a snap shot from just inside the blue line that fluttered past Dostal.
The goal came after DiPietro denied Nikita Nesterenko on a short-handed breakaway.
Late in the second, Bruins defenseman Nikita Zadorov received a double-minor for elbowing and roughing Frank Vatrano.
That power play carried into the third period before Ducks forward Roger McQueen was called for interference with 38 seconds left on the second penalty.
Boston tied it 2-2 at 3:26 of the third when Pastrnak's pass for Lindholm was disrupted by Noah Warren, only for the puck to return to Pastrnak, who sent a backhand into the open net.
Lindholm completed the turnaround at 8:18, scoring from in front of the crease on a feed from Zacha for Boston's first lead.
Matthew Poitras made it 4-2 at 16:20, finishing a two-on-one rush with Hagens by beating Dostal's right pad.
Anaheim had seized control late in the first period with two goals in a 21-second span.
Washe opened the scoring with 38 seconds remaining, sending a wrist shot from above the left circle through the legs of teammate Jeff Malott and past a screened DiPietro.
Sennecke doubled the lead 21 seconds later, intercepting a clearing attempt in the neutral zone before combining with Cutter Gauthier and Nesterenko to redirect the puck in near the far post.
