Applying sunscreen is a crucial step in skin protection, but some people experience a stinging or burning sensation after application.
According to dermatologists, this reaction is common and should not discourage the use of sun protection.
Dr. Aditi Senthilnathan, a board-certified dermatologist at the University of Pennsylvania’s Perelman School of Medicine, notes that complaints of sunscreen stinging are frequent, particularly around the eyes after sweating.
Why Does Sunscreen Sting?
The irritation often stems from the formula composition.
Dr. Sungat Grewal, a double board-certified dermatologist at UCSF, explains that not all sunscreens are formulated the same; two products with the same SPF can feel very different on the skin.
Ingredients such as alcohol, certain UV filters, or preservatives can irritate sensitive skin, according to Dr. Elizabeth Bahar Houshmand, founder of Houshmand Dermatology & Wellness in Dallas, Texas.
Dr. Joyce Teng, professor of dermatology at Stanford University, adds that non-active ingredients used for scent or consistency may also cause irritation.
Individuals with rosacea, eczema, active acne treatments, or those using retinoids, exfoliating acids, or benzoyl peroxide are more prone to sensitivity.
Overcleansing or excessive use of active ingredients can disrupt the skin barrier, reducing tolerance to skincare products.
Chemical vs. Physical Sunscreens
Chemical sunscreens use compounds like oxybenzone and avobenzone to absorb UV rays before they reach the skin.
Physical sunscreens, containing zinc oxide or titanium oxide, reflect UV light away from the body.
For those experiencing discomfort, switching to fragrance-free, alcohol-free physical sunscreens can help. Dr. Senthilnathan states that zinc oxide and titanium oxide are less likely to cause stinging.
She also recommends water-resistant options to prevent the formula from dripping into the eyes during physical activity. If sunscreen gets into the eyes, rinse immediately with clean water.
Applying a gentle moisturizer before sunscreen can create a protective barrier and improve comfort.
When to See a Dermatologist
If sunscreen causes a rash, swelling, itching, or persistent burning, it may indicate irritation or contact dermatitis, and a board-certified dermatologist should be consulted, says Dr. Houshmand.
Dermatologists emphasize that the best sunscreen is one you will use consistently. It should offer broad-spectrum protection against UVA and UVB rays with at least SPF 30.
For the face and neck, most adults need two finger lengths of sunscreen. For full body coverage, apply an amount equivalent to a standard shot glass.
Apply 15 minutes before sun exposure and reapply every two hours or after swimming.
Dr. Senthilnathan adds that sunscreen is only one part of sun protection; seeking shade, wearing a wide-brimmed hat, sunglasses, and UPF clothing are also recommended.
