Seattle outfielder Julio Rodríguez also hit a two-run home run in the third inning, establishing a career-high with nine home runs in the month of May.
Luke Raley later contributed his team-leading 12th home run of the season in the sixth inning.
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"Good defense, we had great offense and I thought our guys threw the ball well," said Mariners manager Dan Wilson.
The manager praised the performance of Rodríguez, who has shown significant power at the plate throughout the month.
"When he finds a barrel, it goes and everything is 105, 110 (mph) off the bat when he smokes it," Wilson said.
"He's in a really good spot right now."
Mariners starting pitcher George Kirby allowed four earned runs over five-plus innings, striking out four batters.
Reliever Matt Brash escaped a bases-loaded jam in the sixth by striking out Ketel Marte, marking the first run Brash allowed in 17 appearances this year.
"I thought George had great stuff coming out of the chute," Wilson said.
Arizona rallied in the sixth inning by sending 10 batters to the plate, scoring four runs on five hits, highlighted by a two-run double from Gabriel Moreno and an RBI single by Jose Fernandez.
Geraldo Perdomo also contributed a solo home run off Kirby in the earlier frames.
The Diamondbacks forced extra innings in the ninth against Seattle closer Andrés Muñoz, who blew the save after allowing an infield RBI grounder by Ildemaro Vargas.
Muñoz has converted nine of 13 save opportunities this season and holds a 4.98 ERA.
Seattle reliever Cooper Criswell earned the win after throwing a scoreless 10th inning.
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The Mariners are scheduled to continue the series on Saturday night with right-hander Bryan Woo facing Arizona right-hander Ryne Nelson.
