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The panel advises lagging countries to invest significantly in computing and data infrastructure, which requires reliable energy and data centers.
However, it acknowledges the environmental costs, including high energy and water consumption and greenhouse gas emissions.
Challenges in evaluating safety and oversight of powerful AI models persist.
“Most countries, including many advanced economies, lack the technical expertise to assess the most capable ‘frontier’ models or to participate meaningfully in their governance,” the authors write.
The panel of 40 independent experts calls this report “the first of its kind.”
They argue the UN is the foremost global forum on transboundary risks, and its approach is “scientific, not political.”
Differences in language and internet access compound the digital divide. “Artificial intelligence leaves most languages behind,” the report notes.
While generative AI performs well in English and other widely used languages, “most languages are either excluded or have much lower performance.”
These disparities can have life-threatening implications, especially in healthcare.
For example, a machine translation of Tigrinya mixed up smallpox with syphilis, gonorrhoea as diabetes, and “you have been given intravenous antibiotics” as “you have been given intravenous insecticides.”
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More than 2 billion people—almost a third of the global population—remain completely offline, according to the International Telecommunication Union.
