Government filings noted that roughly one-third of active Google account holders utilize the location history service, which Chatrie's legal team stated represents more than 500 million individuals.
Google acknowledged in court documents that these warrants "often run a high risk of sweeping in innocent users–sometimes thousands of them."
The technology company added that these automated law enforcement queries frequently encompass residential apartments, hotels, medical facilities, houses of worship, and crowded roadways without established probable cause.
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This decision represents the first major evaluation of Fourth Amendment limits on digital tracking since a landmark 2018 privacy ruling, where justices decided in a 5-4 vote that authorities generally require a warrant to track historical cellphone location data.
