A YouGov poll for the ECIU in April found one in four Britons think countries emitting less than 1% should stop trying to reduce emissions.
The share was highest among voters of Reform UK, half of whom thought such countries should not continue cutting emissions.
Party leader Nigel Farage said it was "absolutely mindless" for a country producing less than 1% of global CO2 to "beggar itself."
Dr Ella Gilbert, a climate scientist and ECIU board member, said: "The climate crisis is a global problem and every country should be acting to reduce emissions, especially those with the largest historical responsibility, like the UK.
The climate doesn't care where carbon comes from."
She added that reaching net zero is the only way to restore the climate and avoid dangerous tipping points.
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"The UK may account for just 1% of current global emissions, but we're responsible for 100% of our own emissions, and we have the opportunity to show global leadership by bringing them down."
